The Use of the Term “μωρὰ” in the New Testament
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Introduction
The New Testament writers used very specific terms to describe spiritual problems in the New Testament. Because of verbal inspiration, all the words of the Bible were inspired by God and written in the original autographs without error of any kind. Therefore, the exact words in the original autographs must not be confused or ignored. While one term may have a wide semantic range, each word deserves careful study and attention to detail. Many translations have confused terms and obscured the meaning of many terms.
1.1 Foolish and Thoughtful. In the parable of the Ten Virgins, Jesus contrasted the five foolish (“μωραὶ”) virgins with the five thoughtful (“φρόνιμοι”) virgins (Matthew 25:2, 3). [1]Matthew wrote: “πέντε δὲ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἦσαν μωραὶ καὶ πέντε φρόνιμοι.” Notice that Jesus contrasted “foolish” (“μωραὶ”) with “thoughtful” (“φρόνιμοι”), not “wise” (“σοφοι”). The thoughtful virgins planned for delay and so had enough oil for their lamps. As thoughtful virgins, they rejected the request of the foolish virgins to share their oil (Matthew 25:8). Therefore, for the purposes of Exegetical Psychology, we should understand that some foolish people are not thoughtful about planning for the future, particularly about how to be ready to meet Jesus when He returns.
1.2 Foolish and Wise. Paul gave a list of contrasts, and included the term “foolish” (“μωρὰ”) as the opposite of “wise” (“σοφούς”) (1 Corinthians 1:27). [2]Paul wrote: “ἀλλὰ τὰ μωρὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός, ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τοὺς σοφούς, καὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ τοῦ … Continue reading Therefore, for the purposes of Exegetical Psychology, we should understand that God chose the foolish by the standards of the world, so that He may shame the wise by with standards of the world. When we counsel people using Exegetical Therapy, we must keep in mind that many believers will not be wise by the world’s standards.
1.3 Wise and Unwise. Paul contrasted the concepts of wise (“σοφοί”) and unwise (“ἄσοφοι”) in the context of walking in life and being filled with the Holy Spirit (Ephesians 5:15). Paul emphasized that the wise make the most of their time, because the days are evil. For the purposes of Exegetical Psychology, wise believers are filled with the Holy Spirit, and make the most of their time, because the days are evil. Therefore, remember that the days are evil, and believers must be filled with the Holy Spirit to make the most of their time. See the connection to the ten virgins above about being prepared for the return of the Lord and using time and resources wisely. Believers may be very foolish about time and preparing for the future.
1.4 Thoughtless and Understand. Furthermore, when believers are not thoughtless (“ἄφρονες”), then they understand (“συνίετε”–see The Use of the Term “συνιέναι” in the New Testament) what the will of the Lord is (Ephesians 5:17-18). [3]Paul wrote: Βλέπετε οὖν ἀκριβῶς πῶς περιπατεῖτε μὴ ὡς ἄσοφοι ἀλλ’ ὡς σοφοί. As discussed in more detail in The Use of the Term”φρόνημα” in the New Testament, when believers are not thoughtless, then they understand the will of the Lord. Paul meant believers have to quit being thoughtless before they can understand God’s will. Therefore, the exegetical anatomy of thoughtlessness inhibits understanding the will of God. For believers that struggle with knowing the will of God, Exegetical Psychology requires that the counselor understand the concept of “thoughtless” in the New Testament.
1.5 Foolish Speculations. Paul commanded Timothy to refuse “foolish” (“μωρὰς”) and ignorant (“ἀπαιδεύτους”) speculations, knowing that they produce conflicts (2 Timothy 2:23; see also Titus 3:9).
1.6 Fool. Jesus warned that people who say “Fool” (“μωρέ”) shall be guilty into the hell of fire (Matthew 5:21). In that same verse, Jesus distinguished the term “Raka” (“ῥακά”–Aramaic for “good for nothing, blockhead”), so they should not be confused.
1.7 The Foolishness of the Unsaved. Paul explained that the word of the cross is foolishness (“μωρία”) to those people who are being destroyed, but to us it is the power of God (1 Corinthians 1:18).
1.8 The Soulish Man and Foolishness. Likewise, the soulish man (unsaved) does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness (“μωρία”) to him; and he is not able to know, because they are spiritually appraised (1 Corinthians 2:14).
1.9 The Wisdom of This World and Foolishness. Paul also explained that the wisdom (“σοφία “) of this world is foolishness (“μωρία”) before God (1 Corinthians 3:19). Similarly, Paul proclaimed that foolishness (“μωρὸν”) of God is wiser (“σοφώτερον”) than men (1 Corinthians 1:25).
1.10 Christ Crucified and Foolishness. Paul also observed that He preached Christ crucified, to Jews a stumbling block, and to Gentiles foolishness (“μωρίαν”).
1.10 Scribes and Pharisees and Fools. Jesus also called the scribes and Pharisees fools (“μωροὶ”) and blind men (“τυφλοί”) (Matthew 23:17).
1.11. The Ministry Team and Fools. Paul also described the ministry team as fools (“μωροὶ”) for Christ’s sake (1 Corinthians 4:10).
1.12 Wise Must Become Foolish. Likewise, Paul warned the Corinthians that anyone among them who thinks (“δοκεῖ”) he is wise (“σοφὸς”) in this age, he must become foolish (“μωρὸς”), so that he may become wise (“σοφός”) (1 Corinthians 3:18).
1.13 The Words of Jesus and Foolish. Jesus warned that anyone who heard His words and did not act upon them is like a foolish (“μωρῷ”) man who built his house on the sand (Matthew 7:26).
1.14 Professing To Be Wise. Some people profess to be wise, but in fact became foolish (Romans 1:22). [4]Paul wrote: “φάσκοντες εἶναι σοφοὶ ἐμωράνθησαν.”
1.15 The Without Understanding Heart Became Darkened. In this case, the heart (“καρδία”) is without understanding ( ἀσύνετος”) and becomes darkened (Romans 1:21). Notice that understanding relates to the heart in this verse.
1.16 The Wise of This World and Foolishness. Has not God made foolish the wise of the world? (1 Corinthians 1:20). [5]Paul wrote: ποῦ σοφός; ποῦ γραμματεύς; ποῦ συζητητὴς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου; οὐχὶ ἐμώρανεν ὁ θεὸς τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ … Continue reading
1.17 The Foolishness of the Preaching. God was well pleased through the foolishness (“μωρίας”) of the preaching to the ones who believe ( 1 Corinthians 1:21). In contrast, Paul warned the Ephesians to avoid foolish talk (“μωρολογία”) (Ephesians 5:4).
1.2 Unthinking. Jesus also used the term “unthinking” (ἄφρονες”) to describe the Pharisees who cleaned the outside of the cup, but inside they were full of robbery and wickedness (Luke 11:37). Paul contrasted the “unthinking” (“ἄφρονες”) with the “συνίετε” regarding the will of the Lord (Ephesians 5:17). In 2 Corinthians 11:16, Paul warned the Corinthians not to perceive (“δόξῃ”) him “unthinking (“ἄφρονα”), but even if they receive him as unthinking (“ἄφρονα”), then he may boast a little. In Romans 2:20, Paul described the moralistic Jews as correctors (“παιδευτὴν”) of the unthinking (“ἀφρόνων”), indicating they need correction through discipline (see Hebrews 12:11).
1.18 Tasteless. Jesus also warned that when salt becomes “tasteless” (“μωρανθῇ”), it in longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled under foot by men (Matthew 5:13; Luke 14:34).
Summary of the Term Foolish(“μωρὰ”)
♦ Thoughtful people plan for the future and conserve resources, expecting delays.
♦ Thoughtful people are ready to meet Jesus when He comes; foolish people do not expect delays and do not plan for them. The foolish don not expect Jesus and are not ready to meet Him.
♦ Foolish is the opposite of wise.
♦ Thoughtful people
| Verse | Text | Translation | Notes | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 16:17 | Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῷ· μακάριος εἶ, Σίμων Βαριωνᾶ, ὅτι σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα οὐκ ἀπεκάλυψέν σοι ἀλλ’ ὁ πατήρ μου ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. | And Jesus said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon Barjona, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven. | Flesh does not reveal Jesus to anyone. | Flesh does not reveal Jesus to anyone |
| Matthew 19:5 | καὶ εἶπεν· ἕνεκα τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα καὶ κολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν | and said, ‘FOR THIS REASON A MAN SHALL LEAVE HIS FATHER AND MOTHER AND BE JOINED TO HIS WIFE, AND THE TWO SHALL BECOME ONE FLESH’? | Sexual intercourse produces one flesh | Sexual intercourse produces one flesh |
| Matthew 19:6 | ὥστε οὐκέτι εἰσὶν δύο ἀλλὰ σὰρξ μία. ὃ οὖν ὁ θεὸς συνέζευξεν ἄνθρωπος μὴ χωριζέτω. | So they are no longer two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let no man separate.” | Marriage produces one flesh | Marriage produces one flesh |
| Matthew 26:41 | γρηγορεῖτε καὶ προσεύχεσθε, ἵνα μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς πειρασμόν· τὸ μὲν πνεῦμα πρόθυμον ἡ δὲ σὰρξ ἀσθενής. | Keep watching and praying that you may not enter into temptation; the spirit is eager, but the flesh is weak. | The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak | The flesh wants to sleep, even when the spirit is eager |
| Mark 10:8 | καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν· ὥστε οὐκέτι εἰσὶν δύο ἀλλὰ μία σάρξ. | AND THE TWO SHALL BECOME ONE FLESH; so they are no longer two, but one flesh. | Marriage produces one flesh | Marriage produces one flesh |
| Mark 14:38 | γρηγορεῖτε καὶ προσεύχεσθε, ἵνα μὴ ἔλθητε εἰς πειρασμόν· τὸ μὲν πνεῦμα πρόθυμον ἡ δὲ σὰρξ ἀσθενής. | Keep watching and praying that you may not come into temptation; the spirit is eager, but the flesh is weak. | The flesh is weak and wants to sleep, even when the spirit is eager | The flesh may be weak when the spirit is eager |
| Luke 3:6 | καὶ ὄψεται πᾶσα σὰρξ τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ θεοῦ | AND ALL FLESH WILL SEE THE SALVATION OF GOD. | All flesh will see the salvation of God | All flesh will see the salvation of God |
| Luke 24:39 | ἴδετε τὰς χεῖράς μου καὶ τοὺς πόδας μου ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι αὐτός· ψηλαφήσατέ με καὶ ἴδετε, ὅτι πνεῦμα σάρκα καὶ ὀστέα οὐκ ἔχει καθὼς ἐμὲ θεωρεῖτε ἔχοντα. | See My hands and My feet, that it is I Myself; touch Me and see, for a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have. | Spirits do not have flesh and bones | Jesus was not a spirit because He had flesh and bones after His resurrection |
| John 1:13 | οἳ οὐκ ἐξ αἱμάτων οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος σαρκὸς οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρὸς ἀλλ’ ἐκ θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν. | who were born, not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God. | Salvation is not a matter of the will of the flesh, but of God | Salvation is not a matter of the will of the flesh, but of God |
| John 1:14 | Καὶ ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο καὶ ἐσκήνωσεν ἐν ἡμῖν, καὶ ἐθεασάμεθα τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ πατρός, πλήρης χάριτος καὶ ἀληθείας. | And the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth. | The Word became flesh | Jesus took flesh |
| John 3:6 | τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς σάρξ ἐστιν, καὶ τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος πνεῦμά ἐστιν. | That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. | That which is born of flesh is flesh | We are born flesh of flesh |
| John 6:51 | ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος ὁ ζῶν ὁ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καταβάς· ἐάν τις φάγῃ ἐκ τούτου τοῦ ἄρτου ζήσει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ ὁ ἄρτος δὲ ὃν ἐγὼ δώσω ἡ σάρξ μού ἐστιν ὑπὲρ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου ζωῆς. | I am the living bread that came down out of heaven; if anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever; and the bread also which I will give for the life of the world is My flesh.” | Jesus gave His flesh for the life of the world | Jesus gave His flesh for the life of the world |
| John 6:52 | Ἐμάχοντο οὖν πρὸς ἀλλήλους οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι λέγοντες· πῶς δύναται οὗτος ἡμῖν δοῦναι τὴν σάρκα [αὐτοῦ] φαγεῖν; | Then the Jews began to argue with one another, saying, “How can this man give us His flesh to eat? | People questioned how Jesus could give His flesh to eat | People questioned how Jesus could give His flesh to eat |
| John 6:53 | εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἐὰν μὴ φάγητε τὴν σάρκα τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ πίητε αὐτοῦ τὸ αἷμα, οὐκ ἔχετε ζωὴν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς. | So Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood, you have no life in yourselves. | Jesus taught that you must eat His flesh to have eternal life | Jesus taught that you must eat His flesh to have eternal life |
| John 6:54 | ὁ τρώγων μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ πίνων μου τὸ αἷμα ἔχει ζωὴν αἰώνιον, κἀγὼ ἀναστήσω αὐτὸν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ. | He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day. | Jesus promises everyone who ate His flesh that He would raise them up on the last day | Jesus promises everyone who ate His flesh that He would raise them up on the last day |
| John 6:55 | ἡ γὰρ σάρξ μου ἀληθής ἐστιν βρῶσις, καὶ τὸ αἷμά μου ἀληθής ἐστιν πόσις. | For My flesh is true food, and My blood is true drink. | Jesus said My flesh is true food | Jesus said My flesh is true food |
| John 6:56 | ὁ τρώγων μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ πίνων μου τὸ αἷμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μένει κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ. | He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood abides in Me, and I in him | He who eats the flesh of Jesus abides in Jesus | He who eats the flesh of Jesus abides in Jesus |
| John 6:63 | τὸ πνεῦμά ἐστιν τὸ ζῳοποιοῦν, ἡ σὰρξ οὐκ ὠφελεῖ οὐδέν· τὰ ῥήματα ἃ ἐγὼ λελάληκα ὑμῖν πνεῦμά ἐστιν καὶ ζωή ἐστιν. | It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh profits nothing; the words that I have spoken to you are spirit and are life | The Spirit gives life, the flesh profits nothing | The Spirit gives life, the flesh profits nothing |
| John 8:15 | ὑμεῖς κατὰ τὴν σάρκα κρίνετε, ἐγὼ οὐ κρίνω οὐδένα. | You judge according to the flesh; I am not judging anyone. | People judge according to the flesh | People judge according to the flesh |
| John 17:2 | καθὼς ἔδωκας αὐτῷ ἐξουσίαν πάσης σαρκός, ἵνα πᾶν ὃ δέδωκας αὐτῷ δώσῃ αὐτοῖς ζωὴν αἰώνιον. | even as You gave Him authority over all flesh, that to all whom You have given Him, He may give eternal life. | The Father gave all authority over flesh to Jesus | The Father gave all authority over flesh to Jesus |
| Acts 2:26 | προϊδὼν ἐλάλησεν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὅτι οὔτε ἐγκατελείφθη εἰς ᾅδην οὔτε ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ εἶδεν διαφθοράν. | THEREFORE MY HEART WAS GLAD AND MY TONGUE EXULTED; MOREOVER MY FLESH ALSO WILL LIVE IN HOPE; | My flesh will live in hope | My flesh will live in hope |
| Acts 2:31 | προϊδὼν ἐλάλησεν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὅτι οὔτε ἐγκατελείφθη εἰς ᾅδην οὔτε ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ εἶδεν διαφθοράν. | he looked ahead and spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that HE WAS NEITHER ABANDONED TO HADES, NOR DID His flesh SUFFER DECAY. | The flesh of Jesus did not suffer decay | The flesh of Jesus did not suffer decay |
| Romans 1:3 | περὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ τοῦ γενομένου ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυὶδ κατὰ σάρκα, | concerning His Son, who was born of a descendant of David according to the flesh, | Jesus was a descendant of David according to the flesh | Jesus was a descendant of David according to the flesh |
| Romans 2:28 | οὐ γὰρ ὁ ἐν τῷ φανερῷ Ἰουδαῖός ἐστιν οὐδὲ ἡ ἐν τῷ φανερῷ ἐν σαρκὶ περιτομή, | For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh. | Some circumcision is outward in the flesh | Some circumcision is outward in the flesh |
| Romans 3:20 | διότι ἐξ ἔργων νόμου οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σὰρξ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, διὰ γὰρ νόμου ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας. | because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight; for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin. | By the works of the Law no flesh shall be justified | By the works of the Law no flesh shall be justified |
| Romans 4:1 | Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν εὑρηκέναι Ἀβραὰμ τὸν προπάτορα ἡμῶν κατὰ σάρκα; | What then shall we say that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh, has found? | Abraham our forefather according to the flesh | Abraham our forefather according to the flesh |
| Romans 6:19 | Ἀνθρώπινον λέγω διὰ τὴν ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς ὑμῶν. ὥσπερ γὰρ παρεστήσατε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν δοῦλα τῇ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ καὶ τῇ ἀνομίᾳ εἰς τὴν ἀνομίαν, οὕτως νῦν παραστήσατε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν δοῦλα τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ εἰς ἁγιασμόν. | I am speaking in human terms because of the weakness of your flesh. For just as you presented your members as slaves to impurity and to lawlessness, resulting in further lawlessness, so now present your members as slaves to righteousness, resulting in sanctification. | Paul spoke in human terms because of the weakness of their flesh | Paul spoke in human terms because of the weakness of their flesh |
| Romans 7:5 | ὅτε γὰρ ἦμεν ἐν τῇ σαρκί, τὰ παθήματα τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τὰ διὰ τοῦ νόμου ἐνηργεῖτο ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ἡμῶν, εἰς τὸ καρποφορῆσαι τῷ θανάτῳ· | For while we were in the flesh, the sinful passions, which were aroused by the Law, were at work in the members of our body to bear fruit for death. | While we were in the flesh, sinful passions were aroused by the Law | While we were in the flesh, sinful passions were aroused by the Law |
| Romans 7:14 | Οἴδαμεν γὰρ ὅτι ὁ νόμος πνευματικός ἐστιν, ἐγὼ δὲ σάρκινός εἰμι πεπραμένος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. | For we know that the Law is spiritual, but I am of flesh, sold into bondage to sin. | Paul was of flesh, sold into bondage to sin | Paul was of flesh, sold into bondage to sin |
| Romans 7:18 | Οἶδα γὰρ ὅτι οὐκ οἰκεῖ ἐν ἐμοί, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου, ἀγαθόν· τὸ γὰρ θέλειν παράκειταί μοι, τὸ δὲ κατεργάζεσθαι τὸ καλὸν οὔ· | For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh; for the willing is present in me, but the doing of the good is not. | Nothing good dwells in me, in my flesh | The will is present to do good, but nothing good dwells in my flesh |
| Romans 7:25 | χάρις δὲ τῷ θεῷ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν. Ἄρα οὖν αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τῷ μὲν νοῒ δουλεύω νόμῳ θεοῦ τῇ δὲ σαρκὶ νόμῳ ἁμαρτίας. | Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, on the one hand I myself with my mind am serving the law of God, but on the other, with my flesh the law of sin. | With my mind I serve the law of God, but with my flesh the law of sin | With my mind I serve the law of God, but with my flesh the law of sin |
| Romans 8:3 | Τὸ γὰρ ἀδύνατον τοῦ νόμου ἐν ᾧ ἠσθένει διὰ τῆς σαρκός, ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἑαυτοῦ υἱὸν πέμψας ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας καὶ περὶ ἁμαρτίας κατέκρινεν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί, | For what the Law could not do, weak as it was through the flesh, God did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and as an offering for sin, He condemned sin in the flesh, | The Father send Jesus in the likeness of sinful flesh | The Father send Jesus in the likeness of sinful flesh |
| Romans 8:4 | ἵνα τὸ δικαίωμα τοῦ νόμου πληρωθῇ ἐν ἡμῖν τοῖς μὴ κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦσιν ἀλλὰ κατὰ πνεῦμα. | so that the requirement of the Law might be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. | Believers walk according to the Spirit, not according to the flesh | Believers walk according to the Spirit, not according to the flesh |
| Romans 8:5 | οἱ γὰρ κατὰ σάρκα ὄντες τὰ τῆς σαρκὸς φρονοῦσιν, οἱ δὲ κατὰ πνεῦμα τὰ τοῦ πνεύματος. | For those who are according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who are according to the Spirit, the things of the Spirit. | People according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh | People according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh |
| Romans 8:6 | τὸ γὰρ φρόνημα τῆς σαρκὸς θάνατος, τὸ δὲ φρόνημα τοῦ πνεύματος ζωὴ καὶ εἰρήνη· | For the mind set on the flesh is death, but the mind set on the Spirit is life and peace, | The mind set on the flesh is death | The mind set on the flesh is death |
| Romans 8:7 | διότι τὸ φρόνημα τῆς σαρκὸς ἔχθρα εἰς θεόν, τῷ γὰρ νόμῳ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ὑποτάσσεται, οὐδὲ γὰρ δύναται· | because the mind set on the flesh is hostile toward God; for it does not subject itself to the law of God, for it is not even able to do so, | The mind set on the flesh is hostile toward God | The mind set on the flesh is hostile toward God |
| Romans 8:8 | οἱ δὲ ἐν σαρκὶ ὄντες θεῷ ἀρέσαι οὐ δύνανται. | and those who are in the flesh cannot please God. | People of the flesh cannot please God | People of the flesh cannot please God |
| Romans 8:9 | Ὑμεῖς δὲ οὐκ ἐστὲ ἐν σαρκὶ ἀλλ’ ἐν πνεύματι, εἴπερ πνεῦμα θεοῦ οἰκεῖ ἐν ὑμῖν. εἰ δέ τις πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ οὐκ ἔχει, οὗτος οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῦ. | However, you are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if indeed the Spirit of God dwells in you. But if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Him. | If God dwells in you, you are not of the flesh, but of the Spirit | If God dwells in you, you are not of the flesh, but of the Spirit |
| Romans 8:12 | Ἄρα οὖν, ἀδελφοί, ὀφειλέται ἐσμὲν οὐ τῇ σαρκὶ τοῦ κατὰ σάρκα ζῆν, | So then, brethren, we are under obligation, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh- | Believers are not under obligation to live to the flesh, but to the Spirit | Believers are not under obligation to live to the flesh, but to the Spirit |
| Romans 8:13 | εἰ γὰρ κατὰ σάρκα ζῆτε, μέλλετε ἀποθνῄσκειν· εἰ δὲ πνεύματι τὰς πράξεις τοῦ σώματος θανατοῦτε, ζήσεσθε. | for if you are living according to the flesh, you must die; but if by the Spirit you are putting to death the deeds of the body, you will live. | You must die if you live according to the flesh | You must die if you live according to the flesh |
| Romans 9:3 | ηὐχόμην γὰρ ἀνάθεμα εἶναι αὐτὸς ἐγὼ ἀπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου τῶν συγγενῶν μου κατὰ σάρκα, | For I could wish that I myself were accursed, separated from Christ for the sake of my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh | The people of Israel are Paul’s kinsmen according to the flesh | The people of Israel are Paul’s kinsmen according to the flesh |
| Romans 9:5 | ὧν οἱ πατέρες καὶ ἐξ ὧν ὁ Χριστὸς τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων θεὸς εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας, ἀμήν. | whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen. | Christ is a descendant of the fathers in the flesh | Christ is a descendant of the fathers in the flesh |
| Romans 9:8 | τοῦτ’ ἔστιν, οὐ τὰ τέκνα τῆς σαρκὸς ταῦτα τέκνα τοῦ θεοῦ ἀλλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐπαγγελίας λογίζεται εἰς σπέρμα. | That is, it is not the children of the flesh who are children of God, but the children of the promise are regarded as descendants. | The children of the flesh are not descendants of God | The children of the flesh are not descendants of God |
| Romans 13:14 | ἀλλ’ ἐνδύσασθε τὸν κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν καὶ τῆς σαρκὸς πρόνοιαν μὴ ποιεῖσθε εἰς ἐπιθυμίας. | But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh in regard to its lusts. | Make no provision for the flesh regarding its lusts | Make no provision for the flesh regarding its lusts |
| 1 Corinthians 1:26 | Βλέπετε γὰρ τὴν κλῆσιν ὑμῶν, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι οὐ πολλοὶ σοφοὶ κατὰ σάρκα, οὐ πολλοὶ δυνατοί, οὐ πολλοὶ εὐγενεῖς· | For consider your calling, brethren, that there were not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble; | According to the flesh, not many mighty, noble | According to the flesh, not many mighty, noble |
| 1 Corinthians 3:1 | Κἀγώ, ἀδελφοί, οὐκ ἠδυνήθην λαλῆσαι ὑμῖν ὡς πνευματικοῖς ἀλλ’ ὡς σαρκίνοις, ὡς νηπίοις ἐν Χριστῷ. | And I, brethren, could not speak to you as to spiritual men, but as to men of flesh, as to infants in Christ. | Paul spoke to believers as men of flesh, infants in Christ | Paul spoke to believers as men of flesh, infants in Christ |
| 1 Corinthians 5:5 | παραδοῦναι τὸν τοιοῦτον τῷ σατανᾷ εἰς ὄλεθρον τῆς σαρκός, ἵνα τὸ πνεῦμα σωθῇ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ κυρίου. | I have decided to deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of his flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus. | Paul delivered a person to satan for the destruction of his flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus | The spirit is saved in the day of the Lord Jesus, after the destruction of the flesh |
| 1 Corinthians 6:16 | [ἢ] οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ὁ κολλώμενος τῇ πόρνῃ ἓν σῶμά ἐστιν; ἔσονται γάρ, φησίν, οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν. | Or do you not know that the one who joins himself to a prostitute is one body with her? For He says, “THE TWO SHALL BECOME ONE FLESH.” | Marriage produces one flesh | Marriage produces one flesh |
| 1 Corinthians 15:39 | Οὐ πᾶσα σὰρξ ἡ αὐτὴ σὰρξ ἀλλ’ ἄλλη μὲν ἀνθρώπων, ἄλλη δὲ σὰρξ κτηνῶν, ἄλλη δὲ σὰρξ πτηνῶν, ἄλλη δὲ ἰχθύων. | All flesh is not the same flesh, but there is one flesh of men, and another flesh of beasts, and another flesh of birds, and another of fish. | Birds have different flesh from one another, like fish have different flesh from one another | Birds have different flesh from one another, like fish have different flesh from one another |
| 1 Corinthians 15:50 | Τοῦτο δέ φημι, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα βασιλείαν θεοῦ κληρονομῆσαι οὐ δύναται οὐδὲ ἡ φθορὰ τὴν ἀφθαρσίαν κληρονομεῖ. | Now I say this, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable. | Flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God | Flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God |
| 2 Corinthians 1:17 | τοῦτο οὖν βουλόμενος μήτι ἄρα τῇ ἐλαφρίᾳ ἐχρησάμην; ἢ ἃ βουλεύομαι κατὰ σάρκα βουλεύομαι, ἵνα ᾖ παρ’ ἐμοὶ τὸ ναὶ ναὶ καὶ τὸ οὒ οὔ; | Therefore, I was not vacillating when I intended to do this, was I? Or what I purpose, do I purpose according to the flesh, so that with me there will be yes, yes and no, no at the same time? | Paul purposed according to the flesh | Paul purposed according to the flesh |
| 2 Corinthians 4:11 | ἀεὶ γὰρ ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες εἰς θάνατον παραδιδόμεθα διὰ Ἰησοῦν, ἵνα καὶ ἡ ζωὴ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ φανερωθῇ ἐν τῇ θνητῇ σαρκὶ ἡμῶν. | or we who live are constantly being delivered over to death for Jesus’ sake, so that the life of Jesus also may be manifested in our mortal flesh. | Jesus may be manifested in our mortal flesh | Jesus may be manifested in our mortal flesh |
| 2 Corinthians 5:16 | Ὥστε ἡμεῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν οὐδένα οἴδαμεν κατὰ σάρκα· εἰ καὶ ἐγνώκαμεν κατὰ σάρκα Χριστόν, ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐκέτι γινώσκομεν. | Therefore from now on we recognize no one according to the flesh; even though we have known Christ according to the flesh, yet now we know Him in this way no longer. | From now on we recognize no one according to the flesh, just like we no longer recognize Jesus according to the flesh | From now on we recognize no one according to the flesh, just like we no longer recognize Jesus according to the flesh |
| 2 Corinthians 7:1 | Ταύτας οὖν ἔχοντες τὰς ἐπαγγελίας, ἀγαπητοί, καθαρίσωμεν ἑαυτοὺς ἀπὸ παντὸς μολυσμοῦ σαρκὸς καὶ πνεύματος, ἐπιτελοῦντες ἁγιωσύνην ἐν φόβῳ θεοῦ. | Therefore, having these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God. | Believers must cleanse themselves in flesh and spirit | Believers must cleanse themselves in flesh and spirit |
| 2 Corinthians 7:5 | Καὶ γὰρ ἐλθόντων ἡμῶν εἰς Μακεδονίαν οὐδεμίαν ἔσχηκεν ἄνεσιν ἡ σὰρξ ἡμῶν ἀλλ’ ἐν παντὶ θλιβόμενοι· ἔξωθεν μάχαι, ἔσωθεν φόβοι. | For even when we came into Macedonia our flesh had no rest, but we were afflicted on every side: conflicts without, fears within. | Paul had not rest in the flesh in Macedonia | Paul had not rest in the flesh in Macedonia |
| 2 Corinthians 10:2 | δέομαι δὲ τὸ μὴ παρὼν θαρρῆσαι τῇ πεποιθήσει ᾗ λογίζομαι τολμῆσαι ἐπί τινας τοὺς λογιζομένους ἡμᾶς ὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας. | ask that when I am present I need not be bold with the confidence with which I propose to be courageous against some, who regard us as if we walked according to the flesh. | Some people regarded Paul as walking according to the flesh | Some people regarded Paul as walking according to the flesh |
| 2 Corinthians 10:3 | Ἐν σαρκὶ γὰρ περιπατοῦντες οὐ κατὰ σάρκα στρατευόμεθα, | For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh, | Paul walked in the flesh, but did not war according to the flesh | Paul walked in the flesh, but did not war according to the flesh |
| 2 Corinthians 10:4 | τὰ γὰρ ὅπλα τῆς στρατείας ἡμῶν οὐ σαρκικὰ ἀλλὰ δυνατὰ τῷ θεῷ πρὸς καθαίρεσιν ὀχυρωμάτων, λογισμοὺς καθαιροῦντες | for the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh, but divinely powerful for the destruction of fortresses. | Paul’s warfare was divinely powerful, no of the flesh | Paul’s warfare was divinely powerful, no of the flesh |
| 2 Corinthians 11:18 | ἐπεὶ πολλοὶ καυχῶνται κατὰ σάρκα, κἀγὼ καυχήσομαι. | Since many boast according to the flesh, I will boast also. | Since many boast according to the flesh, Paul also boasted | Since many boast according to the flesh, Paul also boasted |
| 2 Corinthians 12:7 | καὶ τῇ ὑπερβολῇ τῶν ἀποκαλύψεων. διὸ ἵνα μὴ ὑπεραίρωμαι, ἐδόθη μοι σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί, ἄγγελος σατανᾶ, ἵνα με κολαφίζῃ, ἵνα μὴ ὑπεραίρωμαι. | Because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, for this reason, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me–to keep me from exalting myself! | Paul received a thorn in the flesh | Paul received a thorn in the flesh |
| Galatians 1:16 | ἀποκαλύψαι τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοί, ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, εὐθέως οὐ προσανεθέμην σαρκὶ καὶ αἵματι | to reveal His Son in me so that I might preach Him among the Gentiles, I did not immediately consult with flesh and blood, | Paul did not consult immediately with flesh and blood | Paul did not consult immediately with flesh and blood |
| Galatians 2:16 | εἰδότες [δὲ] ὅτι οὐ δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ἔργων νόμου ἐὰν μὴ διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ ἡμεῖς εἰς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐπιστεύσαμεν, ἵνα δικαιωθῶμεν ἐκ πίστεως Χριστοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων νόμου, ὅτι ἐξ ἔργων νόμου οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σάρξ. | nevertheless knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Law but through faith in Christ Jesus, even we have believed in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by the works of the Law; since by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified. | By the works of the law no flesh will be justified | By the works of the law no flesh will be justified |
| Galatians 2:20 | ζῶ δὲ οὐκέτι ἐγώ, ζῇ δὲ ἐν ἐμοὶ Χριστός· ὃ δὲ νῦν ζῶ ἐν σαρκί, ἐν πίστει ζῶ τῇ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντός με καὶ παραδόντος ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ. | I have been crucified with Christ; and it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself up for me. | Paul was crucified with Christ, and then lived in the flesh by faith in the Son of God | Paul was crucified with Christ, and then lived in the flesh by faith in the Son of God |
| Galatians 3:3 | οὕτως ἀνόητοί ἐστε, ἐναρξάμενοι πνεύματι νῦν σαρκὶ ἐπιτελεῖσθε; | Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh? | Having begun in the Spirit, are you now perfected by the flesh? | Having begun in the Spirit, are you now perfected by the flesh? |
| Galatians 4:23 | ἀλλ’ ὁ μὲν ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης κατὰ σάρκα γεγέννηται, ὁ δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἐλευθέρας δι’ ἐπαγγελίας. | But the son by the bondwoman was born according to the flesh, and the son by the free woman through the promise. | The bondwoman was born according to the flesh | The bondwoman was born according to the flesh |
| Galatians 4:29 | ἀλλ’ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατὰ σάρκα γεννηθεὶς ἐδίωκεν τὸν κατὰ πνεῦμα, οὕτως καὶ νῦν. | But as at that time he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so it is now also. | The one born according to the flesh persecuted the one born according to the Spirit | The one born according to the flesh persecuted the one born according to the Spirit |
| Galatians 5:13 | Ὑμεῖς γὰρ ἐπ’ ἐλευθερίᾳ ἐκλήθητε, ἀδελφοί· μόνον μὴ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν εἰς ἀφορμὴν τῇ σαρκί, ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς ἀγάπης δουλεύετε ἀλλήλοις. | For you were called to freedom, brethren; only do not turn your freedom into an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another. | Do not let freedom give opportunity to the flesh | Do not let freedom give opportunity to the flesh |
| Galatians 5:16 | Λέγω δέ, πνεύματι περιπατεῖτε καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν σαρκὸς οὐ μὴ τελέσητε. | But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not carry out the desire of the flesh. | Walk by the Spirit and you will not carry out the desire of the flesh | Walk by the Spirit and you will not carry out the desire of the flesh |
| Galatians 5:17 | ἡ γὰρ σὰρξ ἐπιθυμεῖ κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος, τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα κατὰ τῆς σαρκός, ταῦτα γὰρ ἀλλήλοις ἀντίκειται, ἵνα μὴ ἃ ἐὰν θέλητε ταῦτα ποιῆτε. | For the flesh sets its desire against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; for these are in opposition to one another, so that you may not do the things that you please. | The flesh sets its desire against the Spirit and the Spirit against the flesh | The flesh sets its desire against the Spirit and the Spirit against the flesh |
| Galatians 5:19 | φανερὰ δέ ἐστιν τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός, ἅτινά ἐστιν πορνεία, ἀκαθαρσία, ἀσέλγεια, | Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, 20 idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, 21 envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these, of which I forewarn you, just as I have forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. | The deeds of the flesh are evident | The deeds of the flesh are evident |
| Galatians 5:24 | οἱ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ [Ἰησοῦ] τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν σὺν τοῖς παθήμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις. | Now those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. | Those who belong to Christ have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires | Those who belong to Christ have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires |
| Galatians 6:8 | ὅτι ὁ σπείρων εἰς τὴν σάρκα ἑαυτοῦ ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς θερίσει φθοράν, ὁ δὲ σπείρων εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος θερίσει ζωὴν αἰώνιον. | For the one who sows to his own flesh will from the flesh reap corruption, but the one who sows to the Spirit will from the Spirit reap eternal life. | People who sow to the flesh reap from the flesh | People who sow to the flesh reap from the flesh |
| Galatians 6:12 | Ὅσοι θέλουσιν εὐπροσωπῆσαι ἐν σαρκί, οὗτοι ἀναγκάζουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι, μόνον ἵνα τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Χριστοῦ μὴ διώκωνται. | Those who desire to make a good showing in the flesh try to compel you to be circumcised, simply so that they will not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. | Some people trying to make a good showing in the flesh compel believers to be circumcised | Some people trying to make a good showing in the flesh compel believers to be circumcised |
| Galatians 6:13 | οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ περιτεμνόμενοι αὐτοὶ νόμον φυλάσσουσιν ἀλλὰ θέλουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι, ἵνα ἐν τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ σαρκὶ καυχήσωνται. | For those who are circumcised do not even keep the Law themselves, but they desire to have you circumcised so that they may boast in your flesh. | People want to boast in your flesh | People want to boast in your flesh |
| Ephesians 2:3 | ἐν οἷς καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημέν ποτε ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν ποιοῦντες τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν, καὶ ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί· | Among them we too all formerly lived in the lusts of our flesh, indulging the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, even as the rest. | Before salvation, believers lived in the the lusts of their flesh, indulging the desires of the flesh and the mind | Before salvation, believers lived in the the lusts of their flesh, indulging the desires of the flesh and the mind |
| Ephesians 2:11 | Διὸ μνημονεύετε ὅτι ποτὲ ὑμεῖς τὰ ἔθνη ἐν σαρκί, οἱ λεγόμενοι ἀκροβυστία ὑπὸ τῆς λεγομένης περιτομῆς ἐν σαρκὶ χειροποιήτου, | Therefore remember that formerly you, the Gentiles in the flesh, who are called “Uncircumcision” by the so-called “Circumcision,” which is performed in the flesh by human hands– | Some circumcision is performed by human hands in on the flesh | Some circumcision is performed by human hands in on the flesh |
| Ephesians 2:14 | Αὐτὸς γάρ ἐστιν ἡ εἰρήνη ἡμῶν, ὁ ποιήσας τὰ ἀμφότερα ἓν καὶ τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ λύσας, τὴν ἔχθραν ἐν τῇ σαρκὶ αὐτοῦ, | For He Himself is our peace, who made both groups into one and broke down the barrier of the dividing wall, 15 by abolishing in His flesh the enmity, which is the Law of commandments contained in ordinances, so that in Himself He might make the two into one new man, thus establishing peace, | Christ abolished the enmity in His flesh | Christ abolished the enmity in His flesh |
| Ephesians 5:29 | Οὐδεὶς γάρ ποτε τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σάρκα ἐμίσησεν ἀλλ’ ἐκτρέφει καὶ θάλπει αὐτήν, καθὼς καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν | for no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ also does the church, | No one ever hated his own flesh | No one ever hated his own flesh |
| Ephesians 5:31 | ἀντὶ τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος [τὸν] πατέρα καὶ [τὴν] μητέρα καὶ προσκολληθήσεται πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ , καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν. | FOR THIS REASON A MAN SHALL LEAVE HIS FATHER AND MOTHER AND SHALL BE JOINED TO HIS WIFE, AND THE TWO SHALL BECOME ONE FLESH. | Marriage produces one flesh | Marriage produces one flesh |
| Ephesians 6:5 | Οἱ δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου ἐν ἁπλότητι τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν ὡς τῷ Χριστῷ, | Slaves, be obedient to those who are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in the sincerity of your heart, as to Christ; | Slaves serve masters according to the flesh | Slaves serve masters according to the flesh |
| Philippians 1:22 | εἰ δὲ τὸ ζῆν ἐν σαρκί, τοῦτό μοι καρπὸς ἔργου, καὶ τί αἱρήσομαι οὐ γνωρίζω. | But if I am to live on in the flesh, this will mean fruitful labor for me; and I do not know which to choose. | Paul lived on in the flesh | Paul lived on in the flesh |
| Philippians 1:24 | τὸ δὲ ἐπιμένειν [ἐν] τῇ σαρκὶ ἀναγκαιότερον δι’ ὑμᾶς. | yet to remain on in the flesh is more necessary for your sake. | It was necessary for Paul to live on in the flesh for he sake of the Philippians | It was necessary for Paul to live on in the flesh for he sake of the Philippians |
| Philippians 3:3 | ἡμεῖς γάρ ἐσμεν ἡ περιτομή, οἱ πνεύματι θεοῦ λατρεύοντες καὶ καυχώμενοι ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἐν σαρκὶ πεποιθότες, | for we are the true circumcision, who worship in the Spirit of God and glory in Christ Jesus and put no confidence in the flesh, | Believers should put no confidence in the flesh | Believers should put no confidence in the flesh |
| Philippians 3:4 | καίπερ ἐγὼ ἔχων πεποίθησιν καὶ ἐν σαρκί. Εἴ τις δοκεῖ ἄλλος πεποιθέναι ἐν σαρκί, ἐγὼ μᾶλλον· | although I myself might have confidence even in the flesh. If anyone else has a mind to put confidence in the flesh, I far more: | Paul had far more reason to put confidence in the flesh, but did not | Paul had far more reason to put confidence in the flesh, but did not |
| Colossians 1:24 | Νῦν χαίρω ἐν τοῖς παθήμασιν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν καὶ ἀνταναπληρῶ τὰ ὑστερήματα τῶν θλίψεων τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου ὑπὲρ τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ, ὅ ἐστιν ἡ ἐκκλησία, | Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and in my flesh I do my share on behalf of His body, which is the church, in filling up what is lacking in Christ’s afflictions | Paul shared in his flesh the sufferings of Christ | Paul shared in his flesh the sufferings of Christ |
| Colossians 2:11 | Ἐν ᾧ καὶ περιετμήθητε περιτομῇ ἀχειροποιήτῳ ἐν τῇ ἀπεκδύσει τοῦ σώματος τῆς σαρκός, ἐν τῇ περιτομῇ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, | and in Him you were also circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, in the removal of the body of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ; | Believers were circumcised, but no in the removal of flesh | Believers were circumcised, but no in the removal of flesh |
| Colossians 2:13 | καὶ ὑμᾶς νεκροὺς ὄντας [ἐν] τοῖς παραπτώμασιν καὶ τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ τῆς σαρκὸς ὑμῶν, συνεζωοποίησεν ὑμᾶς σὺν αὐτῷ, χαρισάμενος ἡμῖν πάντα τὰ παραπτώματα. | When you were dead in your transgressions and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He made you alive together with Him, having forgiven us all our transgressions, | Believers were dead in the uncircumcision of their flesh | Believers were dead in the uncircumcision of their flesh |
| 1 Timothy 3:16 | καὶ ὁμολογουμένως μέγα ἐστὶν τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας υστήριον· ὃς ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί, ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι, ὤφθη ἀγγέλοις, ἐκηρύχθη ἐν ἔθνεσιν, ἐπιστεύθη ἐν όσμῳ, ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ. | By common confession, great is the mystery of Godliness: He who was revealed in the flesh, Was vindicated in the Spirit, Seen by angels, Proclaimed among the nations, Believed on in the world, Taken up in glory. | Christ was revealed in the flesh | Christ was revealed in the flesh |
| Philemon 1:16 | οἱ μὲν ἐξ ἀγάπης, εἰδότες ὅτι εἰς ἀπολογίαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου κεῖμαι, | no longer as a slave, but more than a slave, a beloved brother, especially to me, but how much more to you, both in the flesh and in the Lord. | Onesimus has come more to Philemon both in the flesh and in the Lord | Onesimus has come more to Philemon both in the flesh and in the Lord |
| Hebrews 2:14 | Ἐπεὶ οὖν τὰ παιδία κεκοινώνηκεν αἵματος καὶ σαρκός, καὶ αὐτὸς παραπλησίως μετέσχεν τῶν αὐτῶν, ἵνα διὰ τοῦ θανάτου καταργήσῃ τὸν τὸ κράτος ἔχοντα τοῦ θανάτου, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν τὸν διάβολον, | Therefore, since the children share in flesh and blood, He Himself likewise also partook of the same, that through death He might render powerless him who had the power of death, that is, the devil, | Christ shared in flesh and blood, like His children | Christ shared in flesh and blood, like His children |
| Hebrews 5:7 | ὃς ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ δεήσεις τε καὶ ἱκετηρίας πρὸς τὸν δυνάμενον σῴζειν αὐτὸν ἐκ θανάτου μετὰ κραυγῆς ἰσχυρᾶς καὶ δακρύων προσενέγκας καὶ εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀπὸ τῆς εὐλαβείας, | In the days of His flesh, He offered up both prayers and supplications with loud crying and tears to the One able to save Him from death, and He was heard because of His piety. | In the days of His flesh, Christ offered up prayers and supplications | In the days of His flesh, Christ offered up prayers and supplications |
| Hebrews 9:13 | εἰ γὰρ τὸ αἷμα τράγων καὶ ταύρων καὶ σποδὸς δαμάλεως ῥαντίζουσα τοὺς κεκοινωμένους ἁγιάζει πρὸς τὴν τῆς σαρκὸς καθαρότητα, | For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh | The blood of bulls and goats never sanctified for the cleansing of the flesh | The blood of bulls and goats never sanctified for the cleansing of the flesh |
| Hebrews 10:20 | ἣν ἐνεκαίνισεν ἡμῖν ὁδὸν πρόσφατον καὶ ζῶσαν διὰ τοῦ καταπετάσματος, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, | by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh, | Through the veil, His flesh, Christ inaugurated a new and living way | Through the veil, His flesh, Christ inaugurated a new and living way |
| James 5:3 | ὁ χρυσὸς ὑμῶν καὶ ὁ ἄργυρος κατίωται καὶ ὁ ἰὸς αὐτῶν εἰς μαρτύριον ὑμῖν ἔσται καὶ φάγεται τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ. ἐθησαυρίσατε ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις. | Your gold and your silver have rusted; and their rust will be a witness against you and will consume your flesh like fire. It is in the last days that you have stored up your treasure! | Gold and silver will consume your flesh in the last days | Gold and silver will consume your flesh in the last days |
| 1 Peter 1:24 | διότι πᾶσα σὰρξ ὡς χόρτος καὶ πᾶσα δόξα αὐτῆς ὡς ἄνθος χόρτου· ἐξηράνθη ὁ χόρτος καὶ τὸ ἄνθος ἐξέπεσεν· | For, “ALL FLESH IS LIKE GRASS, AND ALL ITS GLORY LIKE THE FLOWER OF GRASS. THE GRASS WITHERS, AND THE FLOWER FALLS OFF, | All flesh is like grass | All flesh is like grass |
| 1 Peter 3:18 | ὅτι καὶ Χριστὸς ἅπαξ περὶ ἁμαρτιῶν ἔπαθεν, δίκαιος ὑπὲρ ἀδίκων, ἵνα ὑμᾶς προσαγάγῃ τῷ θεῷ θανατωθεὶς μὲν σαρκί, ζῳοποιηθεὶς δὲ πνεύματι· | For Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, so that He might bring us to God, having been put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; | Christ was put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit | Christ was put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit |
| 1 Peter 3:21 | ὃ καὶ ὑμᾶς ἀντίτυπον νῦν σῴζει βάπτισμα, οὐ σαρκὸς ἀπόθεσις ῥύπου ἀλλὰ συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς ἐπερώτημα εἰς θεόν, δι’ ἀναστάσεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ | Corresponding to that, baptism now saves you–not the removal of dirt from the flesh, but an appeal to God for a good conscience–through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, | Baptism does not save by removing dirt from the flesh | Baptism does not save by removing dirt from the flesh |
| 1 Peter 4:1 | Χριστοῦ οὖν παθόντος σαρκὶ καὶ ὑμεῖς τὴν αὐτὴν ἔννοιαν ὁπλίσασθε, ὅτι ὁ παθὼν σαρκὶ πέπαυται ἁμαρτίας | Therefore, since Christ has suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves also with the same purpose, because he who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, | Christ suffered in the flesh; he who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin | Christ suffered in the flesh; he who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin |
| 1 Peter 4:2 | εἰς τὸ μηκέτι ἀνθρώπων ἐπιθυμίαις ἀλλὰ θελήματι θεοῦ τὸν ἐπίλοιπον ἐν σαρκὶ βιῶσαι χρόνον. | so as to live the rest of the time in the flesh no longer for the lusts of men, but for the will of God. | Believers must no longer live in the flesh | Believers must no longer live in the flesh |
| 1 Peter 4:6 | εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ νεκροῖς εὐηγγελίσθη, ἵνα κριθῶσιν μὲν κατὰ ἀνθρώπους σαρκί, ζῶσιν δὲ κατὰ θεὸν πνεύματι. | For the gospel has for this purpose been preached even to those who are dead, that though they are judged in the flesh as men, they may live in the spirit according to the will of God. | The dead unbelievers are judged in the flesh as men | The dead unbelievers are judged in the flesh as men |
| 2 Peter 2:10 | μάλιστα δὲ τοὺς ὀπίσω σαρκὸς ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ πορευομένους καὶ κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας. τολμηταὶ αὐθάδεις δόξας οὐ τρέμουσιν βλασφημοῦντες, | and especially those who indulge the flesh in its corrupt desires and despise authority. | Unbelievers indulge the flesh in its corrupt desires | Unbelievers indulge the flesh in its corrupt desires |
| 1 John 2:16 | ὅτι πᾶν τὸ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ, ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν καὶ ἡ ἀλαζονεία τοῦ βίου, οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀλλ’ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου ἐστίν. | For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh and the lust of the eyes and the boastful pride of life, is not from the Father, but is from the world | For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh . . . is not from the Father | For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh . . . is not from the Father |
| 1 John 4:2 | ἐν τούτῳ γινώσκετε τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ θεοῦ· πᾶν πνεῦμα ὃ ὁμολογεῖ Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐστιν, | By this you know the Spirit of God: every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is from God; | Every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ came in the flesh is from God | Every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ came in the flesh is from God |
| 2 John 1:7 | Ὅτι πολλοὶ πλάνοι ἐξῆλθον εἰς τὸν κόσμον, οἱ μὴ ὁμολογοῦντες Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί· οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πλάνος καὶ ὁ ἀντίχριστος. | For many deceivers have gone out into the world, those who do not acknowledge Jesus Christ as coming in the flesh. This is the deceiver and the antichrist. | The deceiver and the anti-Christ deny that Jesus Chris has come in the flesh | The deceiver and the anti-Christ deny that Jesus Chris has come in the flesh |
| Jude 1:7 | ὡς Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα καὶ αἱ περὶ αὐτὰς πόλεις τὸν ὅμοιον τρόπον τούτοις ἐκπορνεύσασαι καὶ ἀπελθοῦσαι ὀπίσω σαρκὸς ἑτέρας, πρόκεινται δεῖγμα πυρὸς αἰωνίου δίκην ὑπέχουσαι. | just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them, since they in the same way as these indulged in gross immorality and went after strange flesh, are exhibited as an example in undergoing the punishment of eternal fire. | Sodom and Gomorrah went after strange flesh | Sodom and Gomorrah went after strange flesh |
| Jude 1:8 | Ὁμοίως μέντοι καὶ οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσιν δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν | Yet in the same way these men, also by dreaming, defile the flesh, and reject authority, and revile angelic majesties. | Evil men dream and defile the flesh | Evil men dream and defile the flesh |
| Jude 1:23 | οὓς δὲ σῴζετε ἐκ πυρὸς ἁρπάζοντες, οὓς δὲ ἐλεᾶτε ἐν φόβῳ μισοῦντες καὶ τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκὸς ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα. | save others, snatching them out of the fire; and on some have mercy with fear, hating even the garment polluted by the flesh. | On some have mercy, hating the garment polluted by the flesh | On some have mercy, hating the garment polluted by the flesh |
| Revelation 17:16 | καὶ τὰ δέκα κέρατα ἃ εἶδες καὶ τὸ θηρίον οὗτοι μισήσουσιν τὴν πόρνην καὶ ἠρημωμένην ποιήσουσιν αὐτὴν καὶ γυμνὴν καὶ τὰς σάρκας αὐτῆς φάγονται καὶ αὐτὴν κατακαύσουσιν ἐν πυρί. | And the ten horns which you saw, and the beast, these will hate the harlot and will make her desolate and naked, and will eat her flesh and will burn her up with fire. | The ten horns and the beast hate the harlot and will eat her flesh | The ten horns and the beast hate the harlot and will eat her flesh |
| Revelation 19:18 | ἵνα φάγητε σάρκας βασιλέων καὶ σάρκας χιλιάρχων καὶ σάρκας ἰσχυρῶν καὶ σάρκας ἵππων καὶ τῶν καθημένων ἐπ’ αὐτῶν καὶ σάρκας πάντων ἐλευθέρων τε καὶ δούλων καὶ μικρῶν καὶ μεγάλων. | so that you may eat the flesh of kings and the flesh of commanders and the flesh of mighty men and the flesh of horses and of those who sit on them and the flesh of all men, both free men and slaves, and small and great.” | Birds will eat the flesh of kings, commanders, mighty men, horses and those who sit on them, and the flesh of all men | Birds will eat the flesh of kings, commanders, mighty men, horses and those who sit on them, and the flesh of all men |
| Revelation 19:21 | καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἐν τῇ ῥομφαίᾳ τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ ἵππου τῇ ἐξελθούσῃ ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντα τὰ ὄρνεα ἐχορτάσθησαν ἐκ τῶν σαρκῶν αὐτῶν. | And the rest were killed with the sword which came from the mouth of Him who sat on the horse, and all the birds were filled with their flesh. | The birds were filled with those who fell by the sword from the mouth of Jesus | The birds were filled with those who fell by the sword from the mouth of Jesus |
References
| ↑1 | Matthew wrote: “πέντε δὲ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἦσαν μωραὶ καὶ πέντε φρόνιμοι.” |
|---|---|
| ↑2 | Paul wrote: “ἀλλὰ τὰ μωρὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός, ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τοὺς σοφούς, καὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός, ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τὰ ἰσχυρά.” |
| ↑3 | Paul wrote: Βλέπετε οὖν ἀκριβῶς πῶς περιπατεῖτε μὴ ὡς ἄσοφοι ἀλλ’ ὡς σοφοί. |
| ↑4 | Paul wrote: “φάσκοντες εἶναι σοφοὶ ἐμωράνθησαν.” |
| ↑5 | Paul wrote: ποῦ σοφός; ποῦ γραμματεύς; ποῦ συζητητὴς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου; οὐχὶ ἐμώρανεν ὁ θεὸς τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ ⸀κόσμου; |