The Exegetical Anatomy of the Spirit │ New Testament
Exegetical Psychology
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The exegetical anatomy of the spirit demands our attention because we must know about life in the spirit. Careful study of the spirit will provide help for daily living in fellowship with God.
Section One
The Spirit In Us
1.1 God Forms. God forms the spirit of man within him. [1]Zechariah wrote: מַשָּׂ֥א דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה נֹטֶ֤ה שָׁמַ֨יִם֙ וְיֹסֵ֣ד אָ֔רֶץ וְיֹצֵ֥ר … Continue reading
Section Three
The Human Spirit
God formed the human spirit within us.
x.1 Poor in Spirit. Jesus said the poor in spirit are blessed, because their is the kingdom of the heavens. [2]In Matthew 5:3, Jesus used the term “οἱ πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι.” The word for “poor” may mean humble. In any event, the idea is that the kingdom of the … Continue reading Spirits have different qualities, and the poor in spirit are saved people.
x.2 Eager Spirit. Jesus described an eager spirit in the disciples as He commanded them to watch and pray. [3]In Matthew 26:41 and Mark 14:38, Jesus used the term ” πρόθυμον” to indicate they were eager in spirit. Their flesh (” σὰρξ”), however, was weak … Continue reading The flesh and the spirit oppose one another at times. The flesh acts like an obstacle to the desires of the spirit, particularly in relationship to obedience to Christ.
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Section Three
Jesus and His Spirit
x.1 Spiritual Perception. The spirit of Jesus perceived in the His spirit the reasonings in the hearts of his opponents. Notice that the spirit here knows supernaturally the reasonings in the heart. Therefore, one function of the spirit is to perceive reasonings in the hearts of other people. [4]In Matthew 2:8 Jesus immediately knew (“εὐθὺς ἐπιγνοὺς”) in His spirit (“τῷ πνεύματι αὐτοῦ”) that his opponents were reasoning … Continue reading
x.2 Groaned in Spirit. Jesus groaned deeply in His spirit because the present generation sought a sign. [5]In Mark 8:12 Jesus groaned deeply (” ἀναστενάξας”) in His spirit (“τῷ πνεύματι αὐτοῦ”).
x.3 Released His Spirit. Jesus had a human spirit, like we have a human spirit. Jesus released the spirit at the precise moment established by God. [6]In Matthew 27:50 Jesus cried out with a loud voice and released the spirit (“ἀφῆκεν τὸ πνεῦμα”).
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Section Four
John the Baptist
x.1 Spirit and Power of Elijah. John the Baptist went before Jesus in the spirit and power of Elijah to turn the hearts of fathers upon children and disobedient by thoughts of righteousness. [7]In Luke 1:17 John the Baptist went before in the spirit and power (“ἐν πνεύματι καὶ δυνάμει”) of Elijah to turn the hearts (“καρδίας”) of … Continue reading John the Baptist operated in the spirit and power of Elijah to turn hearts by changing the thought to righteousness.
Section Five
Spiritual Emotions
x.1 Exult. The spirit of Mary exulted (“ἠγαλλίασεν”) in God our Savior (Luke 1:47). The spirit of saints exult. This exultation indicates that the spirit has great emotions and expresses them. The spirit also understands the spiritual relationship with God our Savior.
Section Six
Growth
x.1 Power. John the Baptist kept growing more powerful in spirit (‘ἐκραταιοῦτο πνεύματι'”) (Luke 1:80). The spirit of man has spiritual power and it may grow over time.
Section Six
Know and Spirit
2.1 Mind and Spirit. For what one among men knows the things of the man except the spirit of the man which is in him ? (1 Corinthians 2:11). In this verse, we learn that only the spirit of a man knows what is in a man. [8]Paul used the term “οἶδεν”–perfect, active, indicative. The spirit of man knows the things of man. Paul had just shown that the Holy Spirit searches out. [9]Paul used the term “ἐραυνᾷ”–present, active, indicate to describe the activity of the Holy Spirit searching out all things, even the depths of God. In Romans 8:27, God wrote that the He Who searches the hearts knows what the thoughts. [10]Paul used the term “φρόνημα” meaning thoughts. of the Holy Spirit. Notice the link to the God searching the hearts. [11]Paul used the term “καρδίας” and identified the heart as the focus of the search. Paul also used the term “ἐραυνῶν”–present active participle. In Revelation 2:23, Jesus searches the hearts and minds. [12]John wrote: ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἐραυνῶν νεφροὺς καὶ καρδίας. The term “νεφροὺς” (kidneys) indicates it is different from the … Continue reading Finally, in 1 Peter 1:11 we see that the prophets were seeking to know. [13]Peter wrote: … Continue reading
Section Seven
Spirit and Death of the Body
x.1 Returned. The spirit (“πνεῦμα”) of the child returned to her and she arose immediately and received food (Luke 8:55). The spirit departs upon the death of the body.
x.2 Out Spirited. On the cross Jesus bowed His head placed His spirt (“πνεῦμά”) into the hands of His Father. [14]Jesus placed (“παρατίθεμαι”) His spirit in to the hands (“χεῖράς”) of His Father by prayer. Having finished His prayer, Jesus then out spirited (“ἐξέπνευσεν”). [15]Jesus released His spirit as a deliberate act, at just the right time; the destination of His Spirit was His Father’s hands. Jesus first placed His spirit into the hands of His Father in prayer, and then consciously released His spirit from His body.
Section Eight
Spirit and Sight
x.1 Seen. After the resurrection, the disciples gathered together in a room and shut the doors for fear of the Jews. When Jesus appeared in that room with the doors closed, the disciples thought they were seeing a spirit (“πνεῦμα”) (Luke 24:37). People may think they are seeing a spirit, but not necessarily.
x.2 Touch and See. After the resurrection Jesus invited the disciples to touch Him and see His resurrected body. Jesus said that spirit (” πνεῦμα”) does not have flesh (“σάρκα”) and bone (“ὀστέα”), which He had (Luke 24:39). Spirits cannot be touched, and they do not have flesh and bone.
Section Nine
Spiritual Birth
x.1 That born of flesh is flesh. That born of the Spirit is spirit (John 3:6). Jesus explained to Nicodemus the difference between flesh (“σάρξ”) and spirit (“πνεῦμά”). At the moment of being born from above, the persons becomes a new spiritual being, having been born of the Holy Spirit of God.
nThe Holy Spirit and Prophecy
The Holy Spirit and Prophecy
Section Three
The Holy Spirit and Prophecy
Section Four
The Human Spirit
The New Testament Chart of the Term Spirit
I have constructed a chart of New Testament verses concerning the spirit. I have used very stilted Greek translations to try to convey some of the original flow of the text and to practice some verbal correspondence among terms. I do not recommend constructing a New Testament translation on any stilted Greek translations. I am doing so for my limited purposes to highlight the use of the terms, without any smoothing of the translation for English readers. A good English translation would have very careful smoothing to be more readable, while keeping the integrity of the words translated. As always, plenary, verbal inspiration of the text makes all the difference. In other words, God revealed specific words in the autographs and we must study those autographs to understand the revelation of God in detail. Translations always carry some bias and often propagate huge theological errors. I am reminded that geneticists used to refer to “junk DNA” in cells because they did not understand the function of that DNA. Now, further study reveals that we do not have junk DNA in our cells, we just had junk science labeling some DNA junk solely because they did not understand its proper function. Likewise, we have theological junk created by people who do not study the words in the Bible that they translate. Until we do careful exegesis of psychological terms, we will continue to have junk theology in translations and counseling practice.
Chart of the Usage of the Term Spirit in the New Testament
| Verse | Text | Translation | Concepts | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deuteronomy 4:9 | רַ֡ק הִשָּׁ֣מֶר לְךָ֩ וּשְׁמֹ֨ר נַפְשְׁךָ֜ מְאֹ֗ד פֶּן־תִּשְׁכַּ֨ח אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֜ים אֲשֶׁר־רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וּפֶן־יָס֨וּרוּ֙ מִלְּבָ֣בְךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י חַיֶּ֑יךָ וְהֹודַעְתָּ֥ם לְבָנֶ֖יךָ וְלִבְנֵ֥י בָנֶֽיךָ׃ | Only keep yourself and keep your soul exceedingly, lest you forget the things your eyes have seen and lest they turn aside from your heart all the days of your life; but make them known to your sons and the sons of your sons | We must keep ourselves and our souls exceedingly; specifically, we must not forget what we have seen with our eyes. We must be sure they do not depart from our hearts all the days of our life; we must make them known to our sons and their sons | We must keep our souls. Our souls are not our hearts., which must also be kept. We must not forget and those things must not depart from our heart all the days of our lives. |
| Deuteronomy 4:29 | וּבִקַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם מִשָּׁ֛ם אֶת־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ וּמָצָ֑אתָ כִּ֣י תִדְרְשֶׁ֔נּוּ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ | And you shall seek from there the Yahweh your God and you will find Him if you inquire of Him with all your heart and with all your soul | Yahweh our God wants us to seek Him. If we inquire of Him with all our heart and with all our soul, then we will find Him | In order to find Yahweh God, we must inquire of Him with all our heart and soul |
| Deuteronomy 6:5 | וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ אֵ֖ת יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֥ וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ וּבְכָל־מְאֹדֶֽךָ | And you shall love Yahweh your God with all your heart and with all your soul | Yahweh commands us to love Him with all our heart and with all our soul | Both hearts and soul love, and God commands love from both of them |
| Deuteronomy 10:12 | וְעַתָּה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מָ֚ה יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ שֹׁאֵ֖ל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֣י אִם־לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו֙ וּלְאַהֲבָ֣ה אֹתֹ֔ו וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃ | Now, Israel, what does Yahweh your God seek from you, but you to fear Yahweh your God to walk in His ways and to love Him and to serve Yahweh your God with all your heart and with all your soul | We serve Yahweh our God with all our heart and with all our soul; notice that we fear Yahweh our God, we walk in His ways, and love Him, which are separate form serving Him with our heart and soul; those other things may arise from serving Him | We must serve Yahweh our God with our heart and our soul |
| Deuteronomy 11:13 | וְהָיָ֗ה אִם־שָׁמֹ֤עַ תִּשְׁמְעוּ֙ אֶל־מִצְוֹתַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י מְצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם הַיֹּ֑ום לְאַהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙ וּלְעָבְדֹ֔ו בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶֽם | And it will be, if you listen you obey my commandments which I am commanding this day to love Yahweh your God and to serve Him with all your hearts and with all your souls | God wants us to serve Him with all our heart and with all our soul; we also love Yahweh our God by commandment | We serve Yahweh our God with all our heart and with all our soul |
| Deuteronomy 11:18 | וְשַׂמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־דְּבָרַ֣י אֵ֔לֶּה עַל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וְעַֽל־נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם וּקְשַׁרְתֶּ֨ם אֹתָ֤ם לְאֹות֙ עַל־יֶדְכֶ֔ם וְהָי֥וּ לְטֹוטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין עֵינֵיכֶֽם׃ | An you shall set these words upon you heart and upon your soul; and you shall bind them as a pledge upon your hands and for bands between your eyes | God commands us to impress His words upon our heart and upon our soul | God intends for us to impress His word upon our hearts and souls and to wear signs |
| Deuteronomy 13:3 | לֹ֣א תִשְׁמַ֗ע אֶל־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַנָּבִ֣יא הַה֔וּא אֹ֛ו אֶל־חֹולֵ֥ם הַחֲלֹ֖ום הַה֑וּא כִּ֣י מְנַסֶּ֞ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙ אֶתְכֶ֔ם לָדַ֗עַת הֲיִשְׁכֶ֤ם אֹֽהֲבִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶֽם | You shall not listen to the words of that prophet or that dreamer of dreams; for Yahweh your God tests you to know the substance of your love for Yahweh your God with all your heart and with all your soul | After commanding people to love Him, Yahweh then test the substance of the love with all your heart and with all your soul | Yahweh tests love from all the soul and all the heart |
| Deuteronomy 26:16 | הַיֹּ֣ום הַזֶּ֗ה יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ מְצַוְּךָ֧ לַעֲשֹׂ֛ות אֶת־הַחֻקִּ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים וְשָׁמַרְתָּ֤ וְעָשִׂ֨יתָ֙ אֹותָ֔ם בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ | And this day Yahweh your God commands you to do these statutes and these judgments. You shall obey and do them with all your hearts and with all your souls | Yahweh commands people to keep and to do his statutes and judgments with all their heart and with all their soul | People do and keep the commandments and judgments of Yahweh with all their heart and all their souls |
| Deuteronomy 28:65 | בַגֹּויִ֤ם הָהֵם֙ לֹ֣א תַרְגִּ֔יעַ וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָנֹ֖וחַ לְכַף־רַגְלֶ֑ךָ וְנָתַן֩ יְהוָ֨ה לְךָ֥ שָׁם֙ לֵ֣ב רַגָּ֔ז וְכִלְיֹ֥ון עֵינַ֖יִם וְדַֽאֲבֹ֥ון נָֽפֶשׁ | And in those nations you will not rest and you and no will be a resting place for the sole of your feet and Yahweh will give to you there a heart quake, eyes failed, and faintness of soul. | Souls may faint when they disobey Yahweh | Souls may faint from displacement caused by disobedience to Yahweh |
| Deuteronomy 30:2 | וְשַׁבְתָּ֞ עַד־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ וְשָׁמַעְתָּ֣ בְקֹלֹ֔ו כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיֹּ֑ום אַתָּ֣ה וּבָנֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ | and you return to Yahweh your God and listen to His voice with all which I commanded you this day and you and your sons and with all your heart and with all your soul | Souls must listen to the voice of Yahweh with all their heart and with all their soul | The souls of men and their sons must listen to the voice of Yahweh their God will all their heart and with all their soul |
| Deuteronomy 30:6 | וּמָ֨ל יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ אֶת־לְבָבְךָ֖ וְאֶת־לְבַ֣ב זַרְעֶ֑ךָ לְאַהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֥ וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ לְמַ֥עַן חַיֶּֽיךָ | And shall Yahweh your God shall circumcise your heart and the heart of your descendants to love Yahweh your God in all your heart and in all your soul for your living. | Yahweh your God circumcises the heart so that people will love Yahweh your God will all their heart and with all their soul | Yahweh circumcises hearts for the purpose of loving Yahweh with all your heart and with all your soul, for your living. |
| Deuteronomy 30:10 | כִּ֣י תִשְׁמַ֗ע בְּקֹול֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֤ר מִצְוֹתָיו֙ וְחֻקֹּתָ֔יו הַכְּתוּבָ֕ה בְּסֵ֥פֶר הַתֹּורָ֖ה הַזֶּ֑ה כִּ֤י תָשׁוּב֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ | If you listen to voice Yahweh your God to keep His commandments and His statutes and which were written in the book of this law, if you turn to Yahweh your God with all your heart and with all your soul | God wants you to listen to HIm and his written word so that you turn back to the Yahweh your God with all your heart and with all your soul. | God uses His written word to turn people back to Him with all their hearts and with all their souls |
| Jeremiah 22:5 | וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם אַתֶּ֣ם שְׁמַרְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֣בֶד יְהוָ֑ה וַתִּשְׁמְע֣וּ בְקֹולִ֔י לְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּ֖יתִי אֶתְכֶֽם׃ | Only listen carefully to do the commandment and the law which Moses, the servant of Yahweh, commanded you to love Yahweh your God and walk in all His ways and to listen to His commandments and to cling to Him and to serve Him with all your heart and with all your soul | People may serve God with all their hear and with all their soul | As people must keep the commandments, cling to Yahweh, and serve Yahweh with all their heart and with all their soul |
| 1 Samuel 2:35 | וַהֲקִימֹתִ֥י לִי֙ כֹּהֵ֣ן נֶאֱמָ֔ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר בִּלְבָבִ֥י וּבְנַפְשִׁ֖י יַעֲשֶׂ֑ה וּבָנִ֤יתִי לֹו֙ בַּ֣יִת נֶאֱמָ֔ן וְהתְהַלֵּ֥ךְ לִפְנֵֽי־מְשִׁיחִ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים | And I will raise up to Myself a priest faithful which in my heart and in my soul he will do and I will build him a house faithful and I will cause him to walk before My face My anointed all the days. | God will raise up people who will do according what is in God’s heart and God’s soul | God seeks people to do what is in God’s heart and God’s soul |
| 1 Kings 2:4 | לְמַעַן֩ יָקִ֨ים יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־דְּבָרֹ֗ו אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֣ר עָלַי֮ לֵאמֹר֒ אִם־יִשְׁמְר֨וּ בָנֶ֜יךָ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֗ם לָלֶ֤כֶת לְפָנַי֙ בֶּאֱמֶ֔ת בְּכָל־לְבָבָ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשָׁ֑ם לֵאמֹ֕ר לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת לְךָ֙ אִ֔ישׁ מֵעַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | so Yahweh will cause to stand His word which He spoke about me saying, if your sons will listen to their words to walk before Me in truth with all their heart and all their spirit saying I will not cut from you a man upon the throne of Israel | People may walk before Yahweh in truth with all their heart and with all their soul | God desires people to walk before Him in truth, with all their heart and with all their soul |
| 1 Kings 8:48 | 48 וְשָׁ֣בוּ אֵלֶ֗יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָבָם֙ וּבְכָל־נַפְשָׁ֔ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־שָׁב֣וּ אֹתָ֑ם וְהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֣וּ אֵלֶ֗יךָ דֶּ֤רֶךְ אַרְצָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣תָּה לַאֲבֹותָ֔ם הָעִיר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּחַ֔רְתָּ וְהַבַּ֖יִת אֲשֶׁר־בָּנִיתָ לִשְׁמֶֽךָ | And if they return to You in all heart and in all soul in the land of their land enemies who have taken them captive and they intercede toward the way land which you have given to their fathers, the city which you have chosen and the house which You for Your name | People first return to God with all their heart and with all their soul | People may return to God, but it starts with total turning of of all the heart and all the soul |
| 2 Kings 23:3 | וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ עַֽל־הָ֨עַמּ֜וּד וַיִּכְרֹ֥ת אֶֽת־הַבְּרִ֣ית׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה לָלֶ֜כֶת אַחַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ וְלִשְׁמֹ֨ר מִצְוֹתָ֜יו וְאֶת־עֵדְוֹתָ֤יו וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתָיו֙ בְּכָל־לֵ֣ב וּבְכָל־נֶ֔פֶשׁ לְהָקִ֗ים אֶת־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַבְּרִ֣ית הַזֹּ֔את הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים עַל־הַסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד כָּל־הָעָ֖ם בַּבְּרִֽית | And the king stood by the pillar and cut the covenant before the face of Yahweh to walk after Yahweh and to keep His commandment and His testimonies and His statutes in all hear and in all soul, to stand the words of this covenant written upon the this scroll and stood all the people in the covenant | People may covenant to keep His commandments, testimonies, and statutes with all heart and soul | God seeks people to keep his commandments, testimonies,, and statutes with all heart and soul |
| 2 Kings 23:25 | וְכָמֹהוּ֩ לֹֽא־הָיָ֨ה לְפָנָ֜יו מֶ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֤ב אֶל־יְהוָה֙ בְּכָל־לְבָבֹ֤ו וּבְכָל־נַפְשֹׁו֙ וּבְכָל־מְאֹדֹ֔ו כְּכֹ֖ל תֹּורַ֣ת מֹשֶׁ֑ה וְאַחֲרָ֖יו לֹֽא־קָ֥ם כָּמֹֽהוּ | And the ones before not were to his face king which returned to Yahweh in all his heart and in all his soul and in all his might, in all the law of Moses and after him not arise like him | Josiah was unlike any king returning to Yahweh, for he returned with all his heart and all his soul and all his might, according to the Law of Moses | Josiah illustrates the epitome of returning to Yahweh with all heart, soul and might |
| 1 Chronicles 22:19 | כִּ֚י אָמַ֣ר דָּוִ֔יד הֵנִ֛יחַ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְעַמֹּ֑ו וַיִּשְׁכֹּ֥ן בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם עַד־לְעֹולָֽם | Now give your heart and soul to seek to Yahweh your God and to arise and build the sanctuary Yahweh your God to bring the ark covenant of Yahweh and vessels holy the God to the house the one built for the name of Yahweh | David commanded Solomon to set his heat and soul to seek Yahweh before building for God | People must set their heart and soul to seek Yahweh before undertaking building projects |
| 2 Chronicles 6:38 | וְשָׁ֣בוּ אֵלֶ֗יךָ בְּכָל־לִבָּם֙ וּבְכָל־נַפְשָׁ֔ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ שִׁבְיָ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־שָׁב֣וּ אֹתָ֑ם וְהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֗וּ דֶּ֤רֶךְ אַרְצָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣תָּה לַאֲבֹותָ֔ם וְהָעִיר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּחַ֔רְתָּ וְלַבַּ֖יִת אֲשֶׁר־בָּנִ֥יתִי לִשְׁמֶֽךָ | And if they return to You in all heart and in all soul in the land captives who have taken them captive and they intercede toward the way land which you have given to their fathers, the city which you have chosen and the house which You for Your name | People first return to God with all their heart and with all their soul | People may return to God, but it starts with total turning of of all the heart and all the soul |
| 2 Chronicles 15:12 | וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ בַבְּרִ֔ית לִדְרֹ֕ושׁ אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹותֵיהֶ֑ם בְּכָל־לְבָבָ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשָֽׁם | And they came into covenant to seek Yahweh the God of their fathers in all the heart and in all the soul | People came into covenant to seek Yahweh with all their heart and soul | People seeking relationship with Yahweh must come with all their heart and all their soul |
| 2 Chronicles 34:31 | וַיַּעֲמֹ֨ד הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ עַל־עָמְדֹ֗ו וַיִּכְרֹ֣ת אֶֽת־הַבְּרִית֮ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָה֒ לָלֶ֜כֶת אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה וְלִשְׁמֹ֤ור אֶת־מִצְוֹתָיו֙ וְעֵֽדְוֹתָ֣יו וְחֻקָּ֔יו בְּכָל־לְבָבֹ֖ו וּבְכָל־נַפְשֹׁ֑ו לַעֲשֹׂות֙ אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֣י הַבְּרִ֔ית הַכְּתוּבִ֖ים עַל־הַסֵּ֥פֶר הַזֶּֽה | And the king stood upon his standing-place and cut the covenant in the presence of Yahweh to walk after Yahweh and to keep His commandments and His testimonies and His statutes in all his heart and in all his soul to the word of the covenant written upon this book | Kings may covenant to keep Yahweh’s commandments, testimonies, statutes with all their heart and soul, to do the words of the covenant written the book | Leaders must commit to following God’s word with all their heart and soul to do what God has written |
| Psalm 13:2 | נְקִ֥י כַפַּ֗יִם וּֽבַר־לֵ֫בָ֥ב אֲשֶׁ֤ר׀ לֹא־נָשָׂ֣א לַשָּׁ֣וְא נַפְשִׁ֑י וְלֹ֖א נִשְׁבַּ֣ע | How long shall I lay counsel in my soul, sorrow in my heart days how long enemies exalted over me? | Counsel may be laid in your heart , with sorrow in your heart, while your enemies are exalted | Counsel may be laid in the soul and sorrow in the heart by day |
| Psalm 24:4 | נְקִ֥י כַפַּ֗יִם וּֽבַר־לֵ֫בָ֥ב אֲשֶׁ֤ר׀ לֹא־נָשָׂ֣א לַשָּׁ֣וְא נַפְשִׁ֑י וְלֹ֖א נִשְׁבַּ֣ע לְמִרְמָֽה | Clean palms and pure in heart which not lifted to vanity his soul and not sworn to deceit | Souls may be lifted to vanity and hearts may be pure, but such people cannot enter the temple | People must have pure hearts and souls not lifted to vanity to enter the temple |
| Psalm 84:2 | מַה־יְּדִידֹ֥ות מִשְׁכְּנֹותֶ֗יךָ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֹֽות | My soul longed and yearned for the courts of Yahweh; My heart and my flesh cry unto the the living God | Souls long and yearn for the courts of Yahweh; heart and flesh cry joyfully to Yahweh | Souls long and yearn for he courts of Yahweh; heart and flesh cry joyfully |
| Jeremiah 4:19 | מֵעַ֣י׀ מֵעַ֨י׀ אָחוּלָה קִירֹ֥ות לִבִּ֛י הֹֽמֶה־לִּ֥י לִבִּ֖י לֹ֣א אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ כִּ֣י קֹ֤ול שֹׁופָר֙ שָׁמַעְתִּי נַפְשִׁ֔י תְּרוּעַ֖ת מִלְחָמָֽה | My inwards, my inwards, walls of my heart pounds in me. My heart I cannot silence for silence for horn my soul blasts war | The walls of hearts pound and souls hear the blast of the shophar | The walls of the heart pound and souls hear the blast of the shophar |
| Jeremiah 32:41 | מֵעַ֣י׀ מֵעַ֨י׀ אָחוּלָה קִירֹ֥ות לִבִּ֛י הֹֽמֶה־לִּ֥י לִבִּ֖י לֹ֣א אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ כִּ֣י קֹ֤ול שֹׁופָר֙ שָׁמַעְתִּי נַפְשִׁ֔י תְּרוּעַ֖ת מִלְחָמָֽה | And I will exult over them to cause good and will plant them in this land in truth in all My heart and with all My soul | God will rejoice and plant people in the land and with all His heart and with all His soul | God has a heart and soul and rejoices, causes good, and plants people in truth with all His heart and soul |
References
| ↑1 | Zechariah wrote: מַשָּׂ֥א דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה נֹטֶ֤ה שָׁמַ֨יִם֙ וְיֹסֵ֣ד אָ֔רֶץ וְיֹצֵ֥ר רֽוּחַ־אָדָ֖ם בְּקִרְבֹּֽו. The term וְיֹצֵ֥ר (Qal participle) means forms, just as God formed every best of the field and bird of the sky (Genesis 2:19). Aaron used gold to form a calf (Exodus 32:4). |
|---|---|
| ↑2 | In Matthew 5:3, Jesus used the term “οἱ πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι.” The word for “poor” may mean humble. In any event, the idea is that the kingdom of the heavens is theirs. Jesus used a simple copula “ἐστιν” describing their present possession of the kingdom. |
| ↑3 | In Matthew 26:41 and Mark 14:38, Jesus used the term ” πρόθυμον” to indicate they were eager in spirit. Their flesh (” σὰρξ”), however, was weak (“ἀσθενής”). |
| ↑4 | In Matthew 2:8 Jesus immediately knew (“εὐθὺς ἐπιγνοὺς”) in His spirit (“τῷ πνεύματι αὐτοῦ”) that his opponents were reasoning (“διαλογίζονται”) in their hearts (“ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν”). |
| ↑5 | In Mark 8:12 Jesus groaned deeply (” ἀναστενάξας”) in His spirit (“τῷ πνεύματι αὐτοῦ”). |
| ↑6 | In Matthew 27:50 Jesus cried out with a loud voice and released the spirit (“ἀφῆκεν τὸ πνεῦμα”). |
| ↑7 | In Luke 1:17 John the Baptist went before in the spirit and power (“ἐν πνεύματι καὶ δυνάμει”) of Elijah to turn the hearts (“καρδίας”) of fathers upon children and disobedient by thought of righteousnesses (“φρονήσει δικαίων”). |
| ↑8 | Paul used the term “οἶδεν”–perfect, active, indicative. The spirit of man knows the things of man. |
| ↑9 | Paul used the term “ἐραυνᾷ”–present, active, indicate to describe the activity of the Holy Spirit searching out all things, even the depths of God. |
| ↑10 | Paul used the term “φρόνημα” meaning thoughts. |
| ↑11 | Paul used the term “καρδίας” and identified the heart as the focus of the search. Paul also used the term “ἐραυνῶν”–present active participle. |
| ↑12 | John wrote: ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἐραυνῶν νεφροὺς καὶ καρδίας. The term “νεφροὺς” (kidneys) indicates it is different from the “καρδίας” and should not be confused. |
| ↑13 | Peter wrote: “ἐραυνῶντες εἰς τίνα ἢ ποῖον καιρὸν ἐδήλου τὸ ἐν αὐτοῖς πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ προμαρτυρόμενον τὰ εἰς Χριστὸν παθήματα καὶ τὰς μετὰ ταῦτα δόξας·”. |
| ↑14 | Jesus placed (“παρατίθεμαι”) His spirit in to the hands (“χεῖράς”) of His Father by prayer. |
| ↑15 | Jesus released His spirit as a deliberate act, at just the right time; the destination of His Spirit was His Father’s hands. |